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Definition

By Mayo Clinic staff

Type 1 diabetes in children is a condition in which your child's pancreas no longer produces the insulin your child needs to survive, and you'll need to replace the missing insulin using shots or an insulin pump. This type of diabetes used to be known as juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes.

The diagnosis of type 1 diabetes can be overwhelming at first. Suddenly, you and your child — depending on his or her age — must learn how to give injections, count carbohydrates and monitor blood sugar.

Although type 1 diabetes requires consistent care, advances in blood sugar monitoring and insulin delivery have improved the daily management of type 1 diabetes in children. With proper treatment, children with type 1 diabetes can expect to live long, healthy lives.

Symptoms
References
  1. The dangerous toll of diabetes. American Diabetes Association. http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-statistics/dangerous-toll.jsp. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  2. Levitsky LL, et al. Epidemiology, presentation, and diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents. http://www.uptodate.com/home.index.html. Accessed Jan. 5, 2009.
  3. Eisenbarth GS, et al. Pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. http://www.uptodate.com/home.index.html. Accessed Jan. 5, 2009.
  4. McCulloch DK. Glycemic control and vascular complications in type 1 diabetes mellitus. http://www.uptodate.com/home.index.html. Accessed Jan. 5, 2009.
  5. Kidney disease (nephropathy). American Diabetes Association. http://www.diabetes.org/utils/printthispage.jsp?PageID=TYPE1DIABETES3_232930. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  6. What is diabetes: Diabetes complications. Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. http://www.jdrf.org/index.cfm?page_id=101308. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  7. Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your eyes healthy. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/complications_eyes/index.htm. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  8. McCulloch DK. Patient information: Preventing complications in diabetes mellitus. http://www.uptodate.com/home.index.html. Accessed Jan. 5, 2009.
  9. Skin complications. American Diabetes Association. http://www.diabetes.org/utils/printthispage.jsp?PageID=TYPE1DIABETES3_232934. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  10. What people with diabetes need to know about osteoporosis. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. Accessed Jan. 9, 2009.
  11. Levitsky LL, et al. Management of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents. http://www.uptodate.com/home.index.html. Accessed Jan. 5, 2009.
  12. Standards of medical care in diabetes -2009. Alexandria, Va.: American Diabetes Association. http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/vol31/Supplement_1/. Accessed Jan. 28, 2009.
  13. Estimated average glucose, eAG. American Diabetes Association. http://professional.diabetes.org/GlucoseCalculator.aspx. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  14. The basics of insulin. American Diabetes Association. http://www.diabetes.org/utils/printthispage.jsp?PageID=TYPE1DIABETES3_263601. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  15. McCulloch DK. Patient information: Insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes mellitus. http://www.uptodate.com/home.index.html. Accessed Jan. 5, 2009.
  16. Levitsky LL, et al. Complications and screening in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. http://www.uptodate.com/home.index.html. Accessed Jan. 5, 2009.
  17. Robertson RP. Pancreas and islet transplantation in diabetes mellitus. http://www.uptodate.com/home.index.html. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  18. Low blood sugar: Definition, symptoms. Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. http://www.jdrf.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.viewpage&page_id=EC9AC822-1321-C844-13C1013CF597E42F. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  19. High blood sugar: Definition, symptoms. Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. http://www.jdrf.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=home.viewpage&page_id=EC92D98E-1321-C844-13EB771367A49526. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  20. Ketoacidosis. American Diabetes Association. http://www.diabetes.org/type-1-diabetes/ketoacidosis.jsp. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  21. Collazzo-Clavell M (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Jan. 21, 2009.
  22. Diabetes and teens. Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. Accessed Jan. 20, 2009.
  23. Stalvey MS. Fifty years ago in the Journal of Pediatrics. Journal of Pediatrics. 2007: 150(1) http://www.mdconsult.com/das/article/body/115791309-2/jorg=journal&source=&sp=16726925&sid=788957128/N/562819/1.html?issn=0022-3476. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  24. What is Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet? Type 1 Diabetes TrialNet. http://www.diabetestrialnet.org/about/index.htm. Accessed Jan. 6, 2009.
  25. International Expert Committee. International Expert Committee report on the role of the A1C assay in the diagnosis of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2009;32:1.

DS00931

June 13, 2009

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